Tunnels
- Publication no: AP-R705-24
- ISBN: 978-1-922994-18-9
- Published: 24 January 2024
- PDF (free) Download
This report is one of the three reports produced as part of a project undertaken to establish a comparative risk assessment method for assessing whether a tunnel route is safer than a surface route for the road transit of dangerous goods (DG) materials.
This report describes a case study of a hypothetical tunnel, illustrating the three stages of the comparative assessment, with incorporation of mitigation measures. The example concludes with the overall lowest life safety risk route being achieved by directing some classes of dangerous goods through the tunnel and retaining other classes on the surface route.
Road authorities, competent authorities and risk specialists will find the case study a useful demonstration of the intent of the method that is detailed in the second report of the project AP-R704-24 Methodology for Comparing Dangerous Goods Risks in Road Tunnels to Those on Alternative Routes: Manual for Using DG-QRAM in the Australasian Context. This report provides background on the development, capabilities, and limitations of a Dangerous Goods Quantitative Risk Assessment Model (DG-QRAM) as well as guidance as to how the DG-QRAM tool should be applied to road tunnels in Australia and New Zealand.
The first report AP-R703-24 Methodology for Comparing Dangerous Goods Risks in Road Tunnels to Those on Alternative Routes: Best Practice Review presents best international practice in road tunnel DG risk assessment and provides justification for the selection of DG-QRAM as the tool most appropriate for comparative DG risk assessments.
Watch a webinar about the methodology with Dr Conrad Stacey and Nigel Casey.
- Summary
- 1. Introduction
- 1.1 General
- 1.2 Case Study
- 1.3 Hypo-Tunnel
- 2. Case Study Input Parameters
- 2.1 General Description
- 2.2 Route Characteristics
- 2.2.1 Tunnel Route
- 2.2.2 Alternative Route
- 2.3 Tunnel Characteristics
- 2.4 General Traffic Characteristics
- 2.5 Location Characteristics
- 2.5.1 Population Along the Route
- 2.5.2 Population Estimation
- 2.5.3 Wind Data
- 3. DG Class Representation in the Traffic
- 4. Incident Rate
- 4.1 Route Specific Information
- 4.2 Adaptation of the Rate for the Tunnel
- 5. Australasian Adjustments
- 5.1 Consideration of Truck-trailer Transports
- 5.1.1 Considering Truck-trailer Systems in General
- 5.1.2 Considering B-double Transports of Combustible Liquids
- 5.2 Fixed Fire-fighting Systems
- 5.1 Consideration of Truck-trailer Transports
- 6. Assessment Step 1
- 6.1 Base Case – Most of the DG Traffic on the Tunnel Route
- 6.1.1 Tunnel Route
- 6.1.2 Alternative Route
- 6.1.3 Overall Risk of the Base Case
- 6.2 Alternative Case – All DG Traffic on Alternative Route
- 6.2.1 Tunnel Route
- 6.2.2 Alternative Route
- 6.2.3 Overall Risk of the Alternative Case
- 6.3 Assessment Step 1 Conclusion
- 6.1 Base Case – Most of the DG Traffic on the Tunnel Route
- 7. Assessment Step 2
- 7.1 Reassessment of the Tunnel Route
- 7.2 Assessment Step 2 Conclusion
- 8. Assessment Step 3
- 8.1 Optimal Solution for Life Safety Risk
- 8.1.1 Re-allocation of Traffic According to Route of Lowest Risk
- 8.1.2 Tunnel Route and Alternative Route
- 8.1.3 Overall Risk of the Optimal Routing Selection
- 8.2 Results
- 8.1 Optimal Solution for Life Safety Risk
- 9. Conclusions
- References
- Appendix A Proposed Calculation Method for Deriving an HGV Incident Rate
- Appendix B Plausibility Check of the Deduced Scenario Mix and the Results
- B.1 Comparison of the Deduced Scenario Mix to the Default Distributions of Other Countries
- B.2 Evaluation of Hypo-Tunnel Under European Methods
- B.2.1 Austria
- B.2.2 France